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What Is the Type V Elastic Clip Fastening System?
The Type V system is an elastic, non-separable fastening arrangement for ballasted track. It evolved from the Type I and Type II elastic clip systems and from low-resistance clip designs, keeping the sleeper rail-seat geometry of existing concrete sleepers so that it can be installed on standard shoulder-type sleepers without changing the rail seat.
In service, the rail sits on an under-rail pad inside the sleeper rail seat. Two elastic clips press the rail foot down against the seat, gauge retainers position the rail laterally against the sleeper shoulder, and screw spikes threaded into embedded sleeves hold the assembly. Height-adjustment pads are placed under the rail seat when vertical adjustment is needed.
Components of Type v fasteners system
The table below lists the components of a Type V fastening assembly as supplied for 60 kg/m rail.
| Component | Role | Typical specification |
|---|---|---|
| W2 elastic clip | Clamps the rail foot in general sections | Round bar Ø14 mm, spring steel; per standard installation torque (typical 130–170 N·m, confirm per applicable standard/drawing) |
| X3 elastic clip | Low-resistance clamping on bridges and special sections | Round bar Ø13 mm; typical installation torque 80–110 N·m (confirm per standard/drawing) |
| Screw spike + flat washer | Holds clip and retainer down | Threaded into the embedded sleeve in the sleeper |
| G5 gauge retainer | Positions the rail laterally, sets gauge | Seven models, No. 2 to No. 8; No. 4 and No. 6 are used for standard gauge (1435 mm) |
| RP5 rubber pad | Under-rail cushioning in general sections | Rubber, under-rail |
| CRP5 composite pad | Low track-resistance sections (bridges) | Used together with X3 clips where reduced resistance is required |
| TD5 height-adjustment pad | Vertical adjustment of the rail level | Thicknesses 1 / 2 / 5 / 8 mm; total ≤10 mm, maximum two pads, placed between the under-rail pad and the sleeper rail seat |
| Embedded sleeve | Anchors the screw spike | Cast into the concrete sleeper |
Technical Parameters
| Parameter | Value / description | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Design rail section | 60 kg/m | Design basis (per standard) |
| Track form | Ballasted, shoulder-type concrete sleepers | Per standard |
| Gauge adjustment | −8 ~ +4 mm, by replacing gauge retainers of different numbers | Per standard |
| Height adjustment | Up to 10 mm; pads 1/2/5/8 mm; max 2 pieces; pad placed between under-rail pad and sleeper | Per standard |
| Clip front lower jaw vs rail | No contact; gap ≤0.5 mm, or verify screw-spike torque with a torque wrench per installation standard | Per installation practice |
| Gauge retainer fit | Gap between rail and retainer ≤1 mm; retainer fits rail-bearing groove shoulder with gap ≤1 mm | Per installation practice |
| Installation torque | W2 clips typical 130–170 N·m; X3 clips typical 80–110 N·m | Typical - confirm per standard |
| Clamping force | Approx. 9–10 kN per clip class | Typical (per Chinese fastener literature) |
| Longitudinal resistance | Approx. 9 kN per rail seat class | Typical - confirm per standard |
| Insulation resistance | 10⁸ Ω class | Typical for Chinese fasteners |
| Fatigue | 3×10⁶ cycle class assembled fatigue testing | Typical (per NRA certification practice) |
| Standards framework | TB-series Chinese railway standards (e.g., TB/T 3065 covers elastic clip fastening systems) and NRA product certification; EN 13481-2 provides an international performance framework for fastening systems on concrete sleepers | Confirm governing standard per project |
Application Guidance
- Track and rail. The Type V system is designed for ballasted track with 60 kg/m rail on shoulder-type concrete sleepers. It is not intended for ballastless (slab) track; China's 250/350 km/h ballastless high-speed corridors use dedicated systems - WJ-7 (shoulderless) and WJ-8 (shoulder-type) - which are specified separately.
- Speed class. Per Chinese railway literature, the Type V fastener is classed among high-speed railway fasteners and is applied on ballasted, shoulder-type track for passenger-dedicated lines (up to 350 km/h design class) and for mixed passenger-freight lines up to 250 km/h. In current practice it is also the standard choice on ballasted sections of upgraded conventional lines, typically operated at 120–160 km/h.
- Bridges and low-resistance sections. Where reduced track resistance is required (typically on bridges), the X3 elastic clip is used together with the CRP5 composite pad. In general sections the W2 clip is paired with the RP5 rubber pad.
Installation and Maintenance Notess
The front lower jaw at the middle of the elastic clip must not contact the rail; the gap must not exceed 0.5 mm. Alternatively, check screw-spike torque with a torque wrench - typical targets are 130–170 N·m for W2 clips and 80–110 N·m for X3 clips (confirm per applicable installation standard).
The gauge retainer must fit closely against the shoulder of the rail-bearing groove; the gap must not exceed 1 mm.
Height-adjustment pads are placed between the under-rail pad and the sleeper - never on top of the under-rail pad. Total pad thickness must not exceed 10 mm and not more than two pads may be used.
Include torque re-check and visual inspection of clips, pads and retainers in the routine maintenance plan; replace worn components with parts matching the original drawing.
FAQ
1. Is the Type V system suitable for high-speed railway lines?
It is a ballasted-track fastener classed among Chinese high-speed railway fasteners in published literature, used on passenger-dedicated and mixed passenger-freight lines. Modern Chinese 250/350 km/h corridors are predominantly ballastless and use WJ-7/WJ-8 systems. Confirm the speed class and track form of your project with the supplier before specifying.
2. What rail section is the Type V system designed for?
60 kg/m rail on shoulder-type concrete sleepers with ballasted track (per standard drawings).
3. What are the adjustment ranges?
Gauge: −8 to +4 mm by changing gauge retainer numbers. Height: up to 10 mm using TD5 pads (1/2/5/8 mm, max two pads).
4. Which clip is used on bridges?
The X3 elastic clip (Ø13 mm) with the CRP5 composite pad, to reduce track resistance on bridges and special sections.
5. How is electrical insulation achieved?
Through the rubber/composite under-rail pads and insulating components of the assembly; insulation resistance in the 10⁸ Ω class is typical for Chinese fastening systems (confirm per standard).
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