Q235B is a low-carbon steel. "Q" stands for yield strength, 235 means its yield strength is 235MPa, and "B" means that the steel needs to undergo a 20°C room temperature impact toughness test. It is affordable, has good comprehensive performance, and has good plasticity. It can be easily made into the required shape through cold bending, stamping and other processes, and is not easy to break or deform excessively during processing. Its welding performance is also very excellent. During the construction of light rail, multiple sections of rails can be easily welded into continuous tracks, reducing the difficulty and cost of construction.
| Q235B | Mechanical property | Chemical composition(%) | |||||||||
| Yield strength | Tensile strength | Elongation | Hardness | C | Si | Mn | S | P | |||
| MPa | kg/mm² | MPa | kg/mm² | min | HB | ≤ | ≤ | ≤ | |||
| ≥ | ≥ | ||||||||||
| 235 | 24 | 375-460 | 38-47 | 26% | 0.12-0.22 | 0.35 | 0.30-0.70 | 0.045 | 0.045 | ||
Moreover, Q235B can resist a certain degree of oxidation and corrosion under normal conditions, ensuring the stability and durability of light rail in daily use. Due to its high cost-effectiveness and convenient processing, Q235B is often used in light light rail lines with relatively small loads and slow running speeds, such as material transportation tracks inside factories and short-distance transportation tracks in small mines.
55Q is a high-strength medium-carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.52%-0.60%. Compared with Q235B, it has higher strength and hardness. After proper heat treatment, 55Q can obtain high surface hardness, excellent wear resistance, and can withstand frequent wheel rolling and friction. However, its plasticity and toughness are relatively poor, its cutting performance is at a medium level, its weldability is poor, and it is prone to cracking during water quenching.
| 55Q | Mechanical property | Chemical composition(%) | |||||||||
| Yield strength | Tensile strength | Elongation | Hardness | C | Si | Mn | S | P | |||
| MPa | kg/mm² | MPa | kg/mm² | min | HBW | ≤ | ≤ | ||||
| ≥ | ≥ | ≥ | ≥ | ≥ | |||||||
| 685 | 69 | 197 | 0.50-0.60 | 0.15-0.35 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.04 | 0.04 | ||||
Based on these characteristics, 55Q is suitable for light rail lines with high load-bearing capacity requirements, such as light rails used to transport large amounts of wood in forest areas, and light rail sections for heavy-load material transportation in mining areas. In these scenarios, light rails made of 55Q can rely on their high wear resistance and high strength to operate stably for a long time, reduce wear and replacement frequency, and ensure transportation efficiency.
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