Railway fastening systems are vital for ensuring track stability and train operation safety. Among them, Type I, II, and III systems each have distinct characteristics.
Type I Railway Fastening System
Featuring a bolted, shouldered structure, Type I consists of elastic clips, spiral spikes, gauge retainers, retainer seats, and rubber padding plates. The ω-shaped elastic clips are fastened by spiral spikes embedded in concrete sleepers to clamp the rails. Gauge adjustment is achieved through the cooperation of gauge retainers and seats.
Suitable for both 60 kg/m rail seamless lines and 50 kg/m rail tracks, Type I meets the needs of ordinary railways and is widely used in mixed passenger-freight conventional lines. However, its overall strength and stability are insufficient for heavy-haul or extreme conditions.
Also a bolted, shouldered design, Type II resembles Type I in structure but offers significant performance upgrades. For example, elastic clips made of 60Si2CrA high-strength steel enhance the system's load-bearing capacity, initial clamping force, and fatigue resistance.
This makes Type II ideal for heavy-haul railways and lines requiring high track stability, such as the Datong-Qinhuangdao heavy freight line and sections of the Beijing-Shanghai Railway.
As a shoulderless, boltless fastener, Type III adjusts gauge by changing insulated gauge blocks (range: -8 to +4 mm). With an initial clamping force of ≥11.0 kN per elastic clip, a 13 mm elastic stroke, and strong lateral resistance, it suits seamless tracks with 60 kg/m rails on straight lines or curves (radius R ≥ 350 m) using shoulderless concrete sleepers.
Its boltless design eliminates loosening issues, enabling easy installation and maintenance. Type III performs excellently in newly built high-speed railways and urban rail transit, meeting strict requirements for track stability and maintenance convenience.
GNEE RAIL is a professional company focusing on the international trade of railway fasteners, mainly supplying various track fasteners, connecting bolts, elastic washers and other products. We have stable production bases and a professional quality inspection team to ensure that each batch of products meets international railway industry standards.