Gauge adaptation and adjustment of national standard rails and foreign standard rails
- How big is the difference between the gauge of national standard and foreign standard rails?
The standard gauge of national standard rails is 1435mm; the Russian standard is 1520mm (85mm wide), the Japanese standard is 1067mm (368mm narrow), and some European countries use 1435mm (consistent with the national standard). Gauge differences need to be adjusted through transition sections or special fasteners.
- What are the common measures for gauge adaptation and adjustment?
Wide track (1520mm) to national standard (1435mm): through a 50m transition section, narrow 17mm every 10m, with adjustable gauge fasteners (such as gauge baffles); narrow track (1067mm) to national standard: similarly set a transition section, gradually widen, to ensure a smooth transition of the train.
- What is the impact of gauge adjustment on the fastening system?
After adjustment, the gauge baffle plate (length increase or decrease) needs to be replaced to ensure the correct direction of the spring clip pressure; the bolt position may need to be fine-tuned, and the hole position deviation is ≤0.5mm to avoid uneven force on the bolt. The fastening system of the transition section needs to be checked every 2 months to prevent loosening.
- How to detect the adaptation effect after the gauge adjustment?
Use a gauge ruler to measure the gauge at each point of the transition section, and the deviation is ≤1mm; use a track inspection vehicle to measure the smoothness, and the height and direction deviations are ≤2mm. After 100 trains are tested, the gauge change is ≤0.5mm to be qualified.
- Is there any difference in the gauge adjustment of different line types (conventional railway and high-speed railway)?
The length of the transition section of conventional railway is 50m~100m, and the allowable gauge change rate is ≤2‰; the requirements of high-speed railway are higher, the transition section is ≥200m, the change rate is ≤1‰, and high-precision fasteners (such as fine-tuning amount ±3mm) are required to ensure that there is no bump when the train passes at high speed.