Fastening System Composition and Working Principle
- Which components does the fastening system mainly consist of?
The fastening system usually consists of elastic clips, bolts, spikes, under - rail pads, pressure plates and other components. Elastic clips are used to provide elastic fastening force, bolts are used to connect various components and apply fastening force, spikes are used to fix sleepers, under - rail pads play a buffering and adjusting role, and pressure plates assist in fixing the rails.
- What is the action principle of the fastening system?
The fastening system generates a fastening force through the elastic deformation of the elastic clips, tightly fastening the rail on the sleeper. After the bolts are tightened, all components are closely connected to form a whole. The under - rail pad absorbs the impact generated by the train load, reducing the damage to the sleeper. The pressure plate further restricts the lateral and longitudinal displacement of the rail, jointly ensuring the stability of the track.
- What role does the elastic clip play in the fastening system?
The elastic clip mainly plays the role of elastic fastening in the fastening system. It can absorb and buffer the impact force of the wheels on the rail when the train passes, and at the same time maintain the fastening force on the rail to prevent the rail from moving. Different types of elastic clips have different fastening forces, and suitable elastic clips can be selected according to the line requirements.
- Where is the importance of bolts in the fastening system reflected?
Bolts are the key connecting components of the fastening system, and the tightening degree of bolts directly affects the performance of the fastening system. Appropriate bolt torque can ensure that all components are closely connected. If the bolts are loose, the fastening system will fail, affecting the safety of the track. The strength of the bolts also needs to meet the requirements to bear various forces generated by the train operation.
- What impact does the under - rail pad have on the performance of the fastening system?
The under - rail pad can improve the buffering performance of the fastening system, reduce the impact of the train load on the sleeper and ballast, and prolong the service life of track components. It can also adjust the height of the rail to keep the track smooth, and play an insulating role to prevent the short - circuit of the track circuit, which plays an important role in improving the overall performance of the fastening system.