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Wooden railroad ties are used on manytraditional railways.
Historically wooden rail ties were made by hewing with an axe, called axe ties, or sawn to achieve at least two flat sides. A variety of softwood and hardwood timbers are used as ties, oak, jarrah and karri being popular hardwoods, although increasingly difficult to obtain, especially from sustainable sources. Some lines use softwoods, including Douglas fir; while they have the advantage of accepting treatment more readily, they are more susceptible to wear but are cheaper, lighter (and therefore easier to handle) and more readily available. Softwood is treated, with creosote being the most common preservative for railway ties. Other preservatives used include pentachlorophenol and chromated copper arsenate. Sometimes non-toxic preservatives are used, such as copper azole or micronized copper. New boron-based wood preserving technology is being employed by major US railroads in a dual treatment process in order to extend the life of wood ties in wet areas. Some timbers (such as sal, mora, jarrah or azobé) are durable enough that they can be used untreated.
Problems with wooden ties include rot, splitting, insect infestation, plate-cutting, also known as chair shuffle in the UK (abrasive damage to the tie caused by lateral motion of the tie plate) and spike-pull (where the spike is gradually loosened from the tie). Wooden ties can catch fire; as they age they develop cracks that allow sparks to lodge and more easily start fires.
Besides the examples have been mentioned above, the new or old oak sleepers have another use too, as indoor furniture and some garden design. the list of uses for oak sleepers is endless, for example as a raised beds, a gorgeous, chunky mantelpiece, a rock-solid settee or bed base and even a dining table. it can be made into a lot of things, even create Patios with these sleepers. The only limit to their use is imagination.
Besides, there are still many typical railway sleepers such as concrete railroad sleepers and steel sleepers. In order to adapt to the different types of railway tracks, they all play an important role in the transportation of railway tracks.
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