Maintenance of 75KG heavy rails is essential to ensure the safety and efficiency of railway transportation. Here are some common maintenance methods:
Daily inspection
Appearance inspection: Regularly inspect the rails to check whether the rail head, rail waist and rail bottom have defects such as wear, cracks, and falling blocks. Pay special attention to key parts such as welds and turnouts, and promptly detect and deal with initial damage to prevent problems from worsening.
Geometric dimension measurement: Use professional tools such as track measuring instruments to regularly measure the track gauge, level, height, direction and other geometric dimensions to ensure that they meet the standard requirements. If the deviation exceeds the allowable range, adjust it in time.
Cleaning and Lubrication
Cleaning: Regularly remove dust, oil, debris, etc. on the track surface to prevent them from entering the wheel-rail contact area, reduce wear and noise, and prevent debris from affecting the normal operation of the track circuit.
Lubrication: Regularly lubricate key parts of the track, such as the contact surface between the rail head and the wheel, and the switch switch. Using special track lubricants can reduce the friction coefficient between the wheel and the rail, reduce wear, extend the service life of the track and wheels, and also help reduce the noise during train operation.
Track fastening and adjustment
Fastener inspection and fastening: Check the fastening status of track fasteners frequently to ensure that the fasteners can firmly fix the rails on the sleepers to prevent the rails from moving horizontally or vertically. For loose fasteners, tighten them in time; damaged fasteners should be replaced in time.
Sleeper maintenance and adjustment: Check the status of the sleepers. If they are damaged or deformed, they should be replaced in time. At the same time, according to the sinking of the track, adjust the height of the sleepers in time to ensure the smoothness of the track.
Welding joint maintenance
Welding quality inspection: Regularly perform non-destructive testing on the welded joints of the rails, such as using ultrasonic testing, magnetic particle testing and other methods to check whether there are defects such as pores, slag inclusions, cracks, etc. in the weld.
Grinding treatment: Grind the uneven surface of the welded joint to make it smoothly transition with the surface of the rail parent material, reduce wheel-rail impact, and improve the stability of train operation.
Ballast bed maintenance
Ballast bed cleaning: timely clean up debris, garbage and silt in the ballast bed, maintain good drainage performance of the ballast bed, and prevent water accumulation from damaging the track foundation.
Ballast bed replenishment and tamping: As the train runs, the ballast bed will gradually become dense and sink. Ballast needs to be replenished regularly and tamping operations need to be carried out to keep the ballast bed in good elasticity and density and provide stable support for the track.
Anti-corrosion treatment
Coating protection: Spraying anti-corrosion coatings on the surface of heavy rails is used to isolate air and moisture from the rails and slow down the corrosion rate of the rails. This measure is particularly important in some harsh environmental conditions, such as humid coastal areas or industrial pollution areas.
Cathodic protection: Cathodic protection technology can be used to make the rails become cathodes by installing sacrificial anodes or applying cathode current in the track system, thereby preventing them from electrochemical corrosion.