The spring clip fastener system is widely used in the connection between rails and sleepers due to its excellent elasticity and buckling performance. Globally, different countries and regions have developed a variety of spring clip fastener systems that are suitable for their own railway needs, each with its own characteristics and advantages.
SKL series spring clip rail fastener system
SKL series, such as SKL1, SKL3, SKL12 and other models, are widely used in international railway construction. This series ensures stable buckling pressure by carefully designing the shape of the spring clip, selecting high-quality materials and optimizing mechanical properties. For example, in some foreign trunk railways, facing frequent train operations and large loads, the SKL series can effectively buffer the impact of trains on the track and ensure the stability of the track structure. Its spring clips have good elasticity and fatigue resistance after special heat treatment process. In long-term use, even if they are subjected to repeated alternating stress, they can maintain reliable buckling effect and reduce maintenance frequency.
E series spring clip rail fastener system
Specific models such as E1609, E, E3, etc. have performed well on some European railway lines. The E series spring clip structure is exquisitely designed, using bending and torsional deformation to generate buckling pressure on the rails. In high-speed railway scenarios, trains run at high speeds and have extremely high requirements for track smoothness. The E series spring clip rail fastener system relies on its precise buckling control and excellent adaptability to ensure that the rails and sleepers are tightly connected, maintain the high-precision geometric shape of the track, and provide solid protection for the safe and smooth operation of high-speed trains. In heavy-duty railways, facing the heavy pressure of large-axle-load trains, the E series can also effectively resist the longitudinal and lateral displacement of the rails with its own high-strength spring clip structure.
Pandrol type fastener system
Developed in the UK, its unique spring clip design uses "Ω"-shaped spring clips, which do not require bolts to tighten. Buckling pressure is generated through the elastic deformation of the spring clips themselves, and installation and removal are simple and quick. This fastener system is widely used in railways in many countries around the world, especially in urban rail transit and some railway projects with high requirements for construction efficiency. It can effectively shorten the construction period and reduce construction costs.
Fist fastener system
The Fist fastener system developed in Switzerland uses a special alloy steel material for the spring bar, which has excellent corrosion resistance after surface treatment. In some areas with complex climatic conditions and strong environmental corrosion, such as coastal railways and foggy railways in mountainous areas, the Fist fastener system can work stably for a long time with its good weather resistance, ensuring the reliability of track connection and reducing the risk of fastener failure caused by corrosion.
Elastic Clip Type I Fastener
As a common fastener for early concrete sleeper tracks in China, spring bar type I fasteners are bolted fasteners. Its spring bars are divided into two types, A and B, and are composed of spiral spikes, nuts, flat washers, spring bars, gauge baffles and baffle seats. The spiral spikes are anchored to the concrete sleepers. By tightening the nuts, the spring bars (in W shape) are elastically deformed, generating buckling pressure to buckle the rails. The track gauge can be achieved by adjusting the combination of the gauge baffle and the baffle seat. The fastener has a simple structure and low cost. It is suitable for tracks with 50kg/m rails and tracks with 60kg/m rails and seamless lines. It played an important role in the early stage of China's railway construction.
Elastic Clip Type II Fastener
The elastic clip type II fastener, which is improved on the basis of the elastic clip type I fastener, is also a bolted fastener. Its elastic clip is made of higher strength materials and has been optimized to significantly improve the buckling force and fatigue strength. In busy trunk railways, facing the transportation needs of large volume and high speed, the elastic clip type II fastener can better adapt, effectively reduce the displacement of the rails, ensure the stability of the track, and provide reliable support for the efficient operation of the train.
Elastic Clip Type III Fastener
The elastic clip type III fastener is a boltless and shoulder-free fastener with an innovative structural design. It eliminates bolts and shoulders, and relies on the strong elastic deformation of the elastic clip itself to directly buckle the rail on the sleeper. This design reduces the number of parts and reduces the maintenance workload, and has good elasticity and stable buckling force. It is widely used in my country's high-speed railways, heavy-duty railways and other fields. For example, on high-speed railway lines, it can meet the strict requirements of high-precision and high stability of tracks when high-speed trains are running.
WJ-7 and WJ-8 fastener systems
commonly used in high-speed railways, spring clips are divided into W1 and X2 (WJ-7 and WJ-8), W2 and X3 (spring clip V-type fasteners), etc. W1 and W2 spring clips are used in general sections to provide greater buckling pressure; X2 and X3 spring clips are used in small resistance sections to meet specific line requirements. For example, in some high-speed railway lines with small curve radii, small resistance spring clips can better adapt to the expansion and displacement of rails and ensure the smoothness and stability of the track.
Spring clip VI and VII fastener systems
Suitable for some special scenarios, such as seamless lines on bridges, transition sections between ballasted and ballastless tracks, etc. The W4 spring clips it uses are specially designed to meet the buckling requirements while effectively adapting to the characteristics of different track structures, enhancing the integrity and reliability of the track connection and ensuring the safe operation of trains under complex track conditions.